Karakterizacija materijala i biorazgradnja procesom kompostiranja

master's thesis

• Title (english): Materials characterization and biodegradation by composting
• Author: Antonio Ivančić
• Mentor: Vesna Ocelić Bulatović (mentor)
• Mentor: Ivan Brnardić (komentor)
• Committee member: Tamara Holjevac Grgurić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vesna Ocelić Bulatović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivan Brnardić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ljerka Slokar Benić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anita Štrkalj (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Metallurgy; Sisak
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

U ovom radu pripremljene su binarne i ternarne mješavine na bazi biorazgradivih polimera polikaprolaktona (PCL), polilaktida (PLA) te termoplastičnog škroba (TPS). Istražena je morfološka struktura pomoću pretražne elektronske mikroskopije (SEM). Toplinska svojstva istražena su diferencijalnom pretražnom kalorimetrijom (DSC), a toplinska stabilnost određena je termogravimetrijskom analizom (TGA). Mehanička svojstva mješavina ispitana su rasteznim ispitivanjem provedenim na mehaničkoj kidalici. Biorazgradivost mješavina provedena je procesom kompostiranja na laboratorijskoj razini. SEM analizom utvrđena je bolja mješljivost binarne PLA/TPS mješavine nego PCL/TPS mješavine, dok je kod PCL/PLA mješavina naglašena dvofazna morfološka struktura koja za posljedicu ima loša mehanička svojstva. Dodatkom TPS-a u binarne PCL/PLA mješavine nije postignuta bolja mješljivost niti je primijećeno kompatibilizirajuće djelovanje TPS –a. DSC analizom utvrđeno je da dodataka TPS-a doprinosi povećava stupanj kristalnosti PLA, a ograničava pokretljivost PCL lanaca što rezultira nižim stupnjem kristalnosti PCL-a u ternarnim PCL/PLA/TPS mješavinama. TGA analiza pokazala je sniženje temperature razgradnje binarnih mješavina dodatkom TPS-a. Umješavanjem TPS-a u PCL/PLA mješavine narušavaju se mehanička svojstva. Potpuna biorazgradnja procesom kompostiranja dobivena je kod uzoraka s većim udjelom PLA. Dodatak TPS-a u binarnih i ternarnim mješavinama pogoduje biorazgradnji, jer naglašena amorfna struktura kao i hidrofilni karakter TPS-a pogoduje mikroorganizmima.

Abstract (english)

In this paper, binary and ternary blends were prepared based on biodegradable polymers polycaprolactone (PCL), polylactide (PLA) and thermoplastic starch (TPS). The morphological structure was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermal properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal stability was determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The mechanical properties of the blends were tested by tensile testing performed on a mechanical machine. The biodegradability of the blends was carried out at the laboratory level composting process. The SEM analysis revealed a better miscibility with the binary PLA/TPS blend than with the PCL/TPS blend, while the PCL/PLA blend emphasized a two-phase morphological structure resulting in poor mechanical properties. By adding TPS to binary PCL/PLA blends, no better miscibility or compatibility was observed. DSC analysis found that the addition of TPS contributes to the increase in crystallinity of PLA, and limits the mobility of PCL chains resulting in a lower degree of crystallinity of PCL in ternary PCL/PLA/TPS blends. TGA analysis showed a decrease in the decomposition temperature of binary blends by the addition of TPS. By mixing TPS in PCL/PLA blends, the mechanical properties are impaired. Complete biodegradation was obtained for samples with a higher content of PLA. The addition of TPS in binary and ternary blends favours biodegradation, since the amorphous structure as well as the hydrophilic character of TPS favours microorganisms.

• Keywords: biorazgradivi materijali; toplinska svojstva; mehanička svojstva; morfologija; proces kompostiranja
• Keywords (english): biodegradable materials; thermal properties; mechanical properties; morphology; composting process
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:115:434875
• Study programme: Title: Graduate study program Metallurgy; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka metalurgije (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka metalurgije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-09-16 11:18:11