Proces proizvodnje čelika kao čimbenik onečišćenja okoliša radionuklidima

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The steel production process as a factor of environmental pollution by radionuclides
• Author: Don Vito Lukšić
• Mentor: Ivan Brnardić (mentor)
• Committee member: Ankica Rađenović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivan Brnardić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Stjepan Kožuh (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Metallurgy; Sisak
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Metallurgy

Abstract

Proizvodnja čelika oporabom čeličnog otpada u posljednji 30-tak godina predstavlja
vrlo važnu industrijsku djelatnost širom svijeta čemu je doprinijela njena društvena i ekološka
korisnost koja se ogleda u čuvanju prirodnih izvora željezne rude i štednji energije. Međutim,
istovremeno je u ovoj djelatnosti zabilježen veći broj nesretnih slučajeva uzrokovanih
pojavom radioaktivnih tvari u čeličnom otpadu namijenjenom recikliranju. Posljedice tih
nezgoda bile su vrlo ozbiljne s obzirom na zaštitu ljudskog zdravlja i okoliša od štetnih
učinaka ionizirajućeg zračenja, a jednako tako i sa gospodarskog stajališta.
U ovom radu je ukazano na razloge i potrebu uvođenja sustava za nadzor i praćenje
radionuklida u čeličanama i ljevaonicama, čime bi se unaprijedio sustav upravljanja
kvalitetom i okolišem bez kojeg se ne može zamisliti niti jedan suvremeni proizvođač čelika i
čeličnih odljevaka. Izgradnja monitoring sustava za nadzor radionuklida u proizvodnim
procesima čeličana i ljevaonica istovremeno predstavlja jamstvo konkurentnosti njihovih
proizvoda na europskom i svjetskom tržištu koja su sve zahtjevnija glede kvalitete ovih
proizvoda i sve češće se zahtjeva certifikat o sadržaju radionuklida.
U radu su prikazani osnovni tipovi sustava za nadzor i praćenje radionuklida, najčešći
zahtjevi koje trebaju ispunjavati ovakvi uređaji, te tijek provedbe mjerenja i dojavljivanja pri
monitoringu radionuklida u čeličnom otpadu. Istovremeno je ukazano i na potrebu za
monitoringom radionuklida u gotovim proizvodima čeličana, kao i stanje monitoringa
radionuklida u hrvatskim čeličanama.

Abstract (english)

The steel production by recovery of steel scrap in the last 30 years is a very important
industrial activity worldwide, which has contributed to its social and ecological utility, which
is reflected in the preservation of natural sources of iron ore and energy saving. However, at
the same time, a number of incidents have been reported in this activity, caused by the
occurrence of radioactive substances in steel scrap intended for recycling. The consequences
of these incidents were very serious in terms of protecting human health and the environment
from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation, as well as from an economic point of view.
This paper presents the reasons and the need to introducing radionuclide monitoring in
steel mills to improve the quality and environmental management system without which no
modern steel manufacturer can be imagined. The construction of a monitoring system for
radionuclide in steel mills processes in the same time represents a guarantee of the
competitiveness of their products on the European and world market which is increasingly
demanding on the quality of these products and increasingly requires a certificate of
radionuclide content.
This paper presents the basic types of radionuclide monitoring systems, the most
common requirements to be met by such devices, and the process of measurement and
imaging monitoring of radionuclide in steel scrap. At the same time, the need for monitoring
of radionuclide in steel products and the status of radionuclide monitoring in Croatian steel
mills was also showed.

• Keywords: čelik; čelični otpad; radioaktivnost; radionuklidi
• Keywords (english): steel; steel scrap; radioactivity; radionuclide
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:115:323428
• Study programme: Title: Metallurgy; specializations in: Metallurgical Engineering, Industrial Ecology; Course: Industrial Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka metalurgije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka metalurgije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-07-19 10:25:51