Pirometalurški postupci dobivanja bakra

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Pyrometallurgical processes for copper obtaining
• Author: Srđan Tomašević
• Mentor: Natalija Dolić (mentor)
• Committee member: Zdenka Zovko Brodarac (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Natalija Dolić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anita Begić Hadžipašić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Metallurgy; Sisak
• Defense date and country: 2015-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Metallurgy; Process Metallurgy

Abstract

Bakar je zahvaljujući svojim osobinama treći najkorišteniji metal u svijetu, ima vrlo
široku primjenu te potreba za njim i dalje raste. Zbog svojih odliĉnih svojstava u metalurgiji se koristi kao legirajući element. Postupci dobivanja bakra mogu se podijeliti na pirometalurške i hidrometalurške. Oko 90 % bakra dobiva se pirometalurškim postupcima, dok je primjena hidrometalurških postupaka ograniĉena na oksidne rude bakra. Pirometalurški postupci mogu se klasificirati na klasiĉne i autogene. Nedostaci klasiĉnih postupaka, kao što su gubitak velike koliĉine topline u fazama prţenja i taljenja te zagaĊenje okoliša uslijed visoke emisije štetnih plinova doveli su do gotovo potpunog prestanka njihove primjene. Autogeni postupci doveli su do niza poboljšanja kao što su bolja iskoristivost energije, bolja zaštita radne sredine, smanjena emisija štetnih plinova u atmosferu te povećanje kapaciteta taljenja, što ih je uĉinilo dominantnim postupcima za pirometaluršku proizvodnju bakra.
Najveći svjetski proizvoĊaĉi bakra konstantno rade na modernizaciji ovih postupaka.
U ovom radu dan je pregled pirometalurških postupaka za dobivanje bakra, uz
detaljniji opis autogenih pirometalurških postupaka, od kojih su najvaţniji OUTOKUMPU i ISASMELT, odnosno AUSMELT postupak, MITSUBISHI postupak kontinuiranog taljenja te INCO i NORANDA. Na kraju je dan kratak osvrt na postupak dobivanja bakra u TIR u Boru i na provedenu rekonstrukciju i modernizaciju.

Abstract (english)

Due to its characteristics copper is the world's third most widely used metal and demand for copper is in constant growth. Its application in metallurgy is wide due to its excellent properties as an alloying element. The processes for obtaining copper can be
pyrometallurgical or hydrometallurgical. About 90 % of the world's copper is obtained using the yrometallurgical processes, while the usage of hydrometallurgical ones is limited to processing of copper oxide ores. The processes in pyrometallurgy can be classified as
autogenous and standard. The disadvantages of standard processes, such as loss of vast quantities of heat during the roasting and smelting phases, and environmental pollution due to emission of waste gases have led to almost complete cessation of their usage. Autogenous processes have introduced a number of improvements, such as better heat fficiency, better work environment protection, decreased emission of waste gases and the increase of smelting capacities, which made them the dominant processes for pyrometallurgical obtaining of copper. The world's largest copper manufacturers are constantly modernizing these pro cesses.
This work describes the pyrometallurgical process of copper obtaining, followed by a detailed description of the most important autogenous processes, such as OUTOKUMPU, ISASMELT, AUSMELT, MITSUBISHI continuous copper production process, INCO and
NORANDA. In the end a short overview of copper smelter located in Bor, Serbia, has been given.

• Keywords: pirometalurški postupci; bakar; autogeni postupci taljenja; Outokumpu; Isasmelt; Ausmelt; Mitsubishi
• Keywords (english): pyrometallurgy; copper; autogenous smelting processes Outokumpu; Isasmelt; Ausmelt; Mitsubishi
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:115:961814
• Study programme: Title: Undergraduate study program Metallurgy; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka metalurgije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka metalurgije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2015-11-06 10:17:13